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It is important to understand that the AWR isn t a permanent repository for Oracle performance statistics. By default, the AWR captures performance statistics on an hourly basis, and retains them for seven days. Oracle estimates that with about ten concurrent sessions, these default settings would require about 200 300MB of storage space for AWR data. The space used by AWR depends on the following: Data-retention period: The longer the retention period, the more space is used. Snapshot interval: The more frequently the snapshots are taken, the more space is used. Number of active sessions: The higher the number of user sessions, the more data is collected by the AWR. By default, the AWR saves the data for a period of seven days, but you can modify this period. Oracle recommends that you retain the AWR data to cover at least one complete workload cycle.

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Snapshots provide you values for key performance statistics at a given point in time. By comparing snapshots from different periods, you can compute the rate of change of a performance statistic. Most of the Oracle advisors depend on these AWR snapshots for their recommendations. Managing the AWR essentially involves managing the regular snapshots that AWR collects from your database. The default interval for snapshot collection is 60 minutes, and the minimum interval is 10 minutes. If you think this isn t an appropriate length of time for your purposes, you can easily change the default snapshot interval by changing the INTERVAL parameter.

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Assemblies are usually loaded automatically during JIT compilation, when the first type of an assembly is used in managed code If you leave the #using "SampleLibdll" directive as it is, but remove the line that declares the variable obj and instantiates SampleClass, no type from SampleLib is used in the code, and the SampleLib assembly will not be loaded In this case, the output will contain only two assemblies When the JIT compiler decides to load a referenced assembly, it looks into the manifest of the referencing assembly If the type SampleClass from the SampleLib assembly is used in the source code of the DumpAssemblyInfo application, the manifest of DumpAssemblyInfoexe contains the following metadata: assembly extern SampleLib { ver 0:0:0:0 } This information is just an alternative form of SampleLib s assembly name: SampleLib, Version=000.

To make good use of the AWR feature, you need to select a truly representative baseline, which is a pair or range of AWR snapshots. When database performance is slow, you can compare the baseline snapshot statistics with current performance statistics and figure out where the problems are. You can manage the AWR snapshots either with the help of the OEM Database Control or with the Oracle-supplied DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY package, which lets you manage snapshots and baselines. Let s first look at how you can use this package to manage AWR snapshots.

You can use the DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY package to create, drop, and modify snapshots, as well as to create and drop snapshot baselines. To create a snapshot manually, use the CREATE_SNAPSHOT procedure, as follows: SQL> BEGIN dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot (); END; In order to drop a range of snapshots, use the DROP_SNAPSHOT procedure. When you drop a set of snapshots, Oracle automatically purges the AWR data that is part of this snapshot range. The following example drops all snapshots whose snap IDs fall in the range of 40 to 60. SQL> BEGIN DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE( low_snap_id => 40, high_snap_id => 60, dbid => 2210828132); END;

If you set the snapshot interval to 0, the AWR will stop collecting snapshot data. Of course, this means that Tip the ADDM, the SQL Tuning Advisor, the Undo Advisor, and the Segment Advisor will all be adversely affected, because they depend on the AWR data.

You can manage AWR snapshots from the AWR page of the OEM Database Control, shown in Figure 18-4. To access this page, go to the Database Control home page, click the Administration link, and click the Automatic Workload Repository link, which is under the Statistics Management group. This page has two main sections: the General section and the Manage Snapshots and Preserved Snapshot Sets section.

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